Parisians on the first Bastille Day under Nazi occupation, in 1940.


Chemical weapons were a part of the arsenal of World War I armies from the beginning, ranging from irritating tear gases to painful mustard gas, to lethal agents like phosgene and chlorine







These kids, hand over heart, mouths open mid verse, earnest as only children can be, are performing one of the most American rituals imaginable. The Pledge of Allegiance. A declaration of loyalty and belonging. And for some of them, this moment sits just days, maybe weeks, before the United States government would decide that their loyalty was irrelevant. That their Americanness was conditional. That the blood running through their veins disqualified them from the very flag they are saluting.



